presbyopia: Symptoms, Signs, causes and treatment- SG Eye Care

SG Eye care   

What is presbyopia?

    

 presbyopia is condition of some physiological changes in the eyes, near about the ages 40 year. In which the person can't see near object clearly.

The changes is mainly due to the loss of elasticity of crystalline lens, weakness of ciliary muscle and accommodation gradually decrease.

In other hand presbyopia is a physiological insufficiency of accommodation associated with age 40 years, as a result, he/she can't see near object clearly.

Symptoms and sign of presbyopia:- 

  a) symptoms: 

            symptoms may include-                             

• Inability to do close work.
• more marked in the evening 
• Headaches
• Eyestrain
• Watering
• Difficulty of burning the thread of the needle.

b) Signs:  

• Decreased amplitude of Accommodation.
• Weakness of ciliary muscle 

 What Causes Presbyopia?:-  

The two main causes of presbyopia is Weakness of ciliary muscles and diminishing flexibility of lens due to old age. As a result eye loses its power of accommodation and he/she is not able to see near object clearly. It is corrected by using convex lens.

Treatment of Presbyopia:- 

  The treatment of presbyopia is to provide the patient with additional power for near is called presbyopic addition or near addition.

a) Eye Glasses:- 

                For presbyopia correction provide to patient monofocal lens , If patient has hypermetropia, myopia with presbyopia then provide to patient bifocal, trifocal and progressive glasses according  to his/ her choice.

• Bifocals lens:- correction for near and far vision.         
• Trifocals lens:- It has three lens areas to correct for close, mid range and far vision.
• Progressive lens:- A lens design for presbyopia with power gradually increase from the distance zone through progressive zone to the near zone. A curvature  of surface increase from its minimum value in distance zone to maximum value in near zone.    

b)    Contact lens:- 

               some people refers to wear contact lens. contact lenses helps to correct presbyopia by providing vision correction for both near and distance vision

 Three types of contact lens:

• Monofocals contact lens
• Bifocals contact lens
• Multifocal contact lens 

c) corneal refractive surgery:- 

              some people chose refractive surgery for presbyopia correction.

Presbyopia addition with near visual acuity chart:-  

• 40 years------> +1.00 Dsph
• 41-45 years---> +1.25- +1.50 Dsph
• 46- 50 years ---> +1.75 Dsph
• 51- 55 years ----> +2.00- +2.25 Dsph
• 56-60 years ------> +2.50- + 2.75 Dsph
• 70 years and aphakia patient----> +3.00 Dsph